Ketoprofen: What It Is And How It Works

With similar properties to other NSAIDs, ketoprofen is useful against many pain and against inflammation.

Ketoprofen is a drug included in the group of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). There are currently more than 50 different ones. In addition, it is one of the most widely used therapeutic groups.

In this group  we include some of the most commonly used drugs. For example:

• Ibuprofen.
• Naproxen.
• Piroxicam.
• Paracetamol.
• Indomethacin.
• Acetylsalicylic acid.

What is ketoprofen for?

Ketoprofen is frequently used to relieve pain and inflammation. Within these they can be mild (menstrual cramps or headaches). Or of moderate severity (arthritis). We can highlight the following:

• Sprains
• Colds
• Postoperative pain.
• Toothaches, muscle and bone pain.

Likewise, it is used for the symptomatic relief of fever or migraines. There are a large number of formulations for ketoprofen. For example in tablets, injections or gels.

Ketoprofen Mechanism of Action

The family of NSAIDs is very extensive. There may even be differences between the mechanisms of action of one or the other drugs. However, their essential therapy is carried out by inhibiting an enzyme known as cyclooxygenase (COX).

Ketoprofen, by inhibiting this enzyme, prevents the production of a series of substances known as prostaglandins. Prostaglandins are responsible for mediating both fever and inflammation.

It is important to note that both ketoprofen and other NSAIDs act on inflammation and pain. However, they do not usually work against the underlying disease.

It has three fundamental actions:

• Anti-inflammatory action. This is produced by the reduction of prostaglandins. Getting to reduce vasodilation and edema.

• Analgesic effect. It is also related to the decrease in prostaglandins and vasodilation. Especially in the case of headaches.
• Antipyretic effect. It is mainly due to the reduction of prostaglandins. Also of some substances such as pro-inflammatory and pyrogens.

What adverse effects can ketoprofen have?

Both ketoprofen and the rest of the NSAIDs have a high number of adverse effects. This fact can be linked to the indiscriminate use that is given to them.  Especially in risk populations such as the elderly.

Another interesting aspect is that they are usually prescribed for long periods of time.  As it is in the case of osteoarthritis. Which also increases the incidence of adverse effects in various organs.

Digestive disorders

Digestive disorders are the most frequent adverse effects of NSAIDs. These are produced by the inhibition of gastric COX-1. Which generates prostaglandins that protect the mucosa.

This is why the administration of ketoprofen is frequently associated with a stomach protector such as omeprazole. Its administration is also recommended together with meals.

As for the specific symptoms we can list:

1. Bleeding
2. Constipation.
3. Gastric discomfort.
4. Increased chances of digestive ulcers. Regardless of whether the drugs are used orally or intravenously.

Kidney disorders

In healthy people, ketoprofen is not usually associated with kidney damage. Although the existence of any concomitant pathology must be taken into account. We must pay special attention to neonates and the elderly. However, the abusive use of NSAIDs can lead to kidney damage and renal papillary necrosis.

Cardiovascular disorders

It is well known that both ketoprofen and most NSAIDs raise blood pressure. Since they predispose to a worsening of said pathology.

Its administration together with anticoagulants is not recommended.

Can pregnant women take ketoprofen?

It is not recommended in the first two trimesters of pregnancy. In addition, during the third trimester it is contraindicated. Since it can cause premature closure of the ductus arteriosus .

There may be other causes of contraindication. As are the increased risk of maternal-fetal hemorrhage and the reduction of the contractility of the uterus. On the other hand, it is compatible with breastfeeding. Since it is not excreted in breast milk in significant concentrations.